產品名稱：Parietal Cell Ab ELISA
產    地：Demeditec 
產品貨號：DE7450
產品規格：96 Tests
產品說明：
Special remarks:
Circulating autoantibodies to gastric parietal cells have been first detected in patients with pernicious anemia by the complement fixation test, described by Irvine et al. 1962 and following with an immunofluorescence test described by Taylor et al. 1962. The responsible parietal cell autoantigen was localised to the secretory canaliculi of gastric parietal cells and to gastric microsomes. Further biochemical and molecular investigations identified the responsible antigens as a- and b-subunit of the gastric H/K ATPase.
The gastric H/K ATPase (EC 3.6.1.3) is a hydrogen transporting enzyme, responsible for the acidifi-cation of the stomach lumen (Rabon and Reuben, 1990). It belongs to the family of electroneutral P-type ATPases which also include the Na/K and the Ca ATPases (Pederson and Carfoli, 1987). This parietal cell  antigen consists of two subunits, an 8-10 transmembrane catalytic α-subunit of 1033 amino acids and a heavily glycosilated  β-subunit with a 294 amino acid core. This H/K ATPase shows a high degree of conversation in the amino acid sequence across species (van Driel and Callaghan, 1995).
Pernicious anemia is the most common cause of vitamin B12 deficiency in Western populations. Longitudinal studies suggest, that pernicious anemia is the end stage of type A chronic atrophic gas-tritis (Irvine et al. 1974), a disease characterised by pathological lesions of the fundus and body of the stomach, including gastric mucosal atrophy, selective loss of parietal and chief cells from the gastric mucosa and submucosal lymphocytic infiltrates (Whittingham and Macckay, 1985).
Pernicious anemia is predominately a disease of middle age northern white Europeans and females show a higher incidence than males. Patients with pernicious anemia appear pale, physically tired and mentally depressed. Pernicious anemia associates with a number of other diseases and these are predominantly organ specific autoimmune diseases of endocrine glands, in which autoantibodies to other tissue specific antigens are also present. The specific diseases include Hashimoto's thyroiditis, diabetes melitus Type 1 and primary Addison's disease (Whittingham and Macckay, 1985). Late stages of pernicious anemia may also be associated with peripheral neuropathy and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord due to vitamin B12 deficiency.
Autoantibodies against the H/K ATPase can be detected in 80-90% of pernicious anemia patients, by indirect immunofluorescence and they are also detected in 2-5% of the healthy ***** population. ELISA test systems show a sensitivity of about 80% and specificity of about 90%. There is an age related increase in the presence of parietal cell autoantibodies in the ***** population. A study of the relationship between parietal cell autoantibody and gastric mucosal morphology, indicates these parietal cell positive individuals in a random population may indeed have early type A gastritis (Uibo et al., 1984). Higher prevalence rates (20-30%) of parietal cell autoantibodies have been noted in patients with autoimmune endocrine disorders such as thyrotoxicosis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis and insu-lin dependent diabetes (Whittingham and Macckay, 1985). Histological examinations of gastric biopsies reveals that the majority of parietal cell autoantibody positive individuals also have a type A gastric lesion (Varis et al. 1979).
上海玉博生物技術有限公司在為生命科學領域提供豐富的產品與信息資源方面處于****地位，公司提供的產品涵蓋了二十多個國家近五十萬種產品，而且產品的數量與信息在不斷的增長和更新，公司提供的產品能夠使生命科學工作者加快對生物化學，分子生物學，細胞生物學以及蛋白質組學研究的認知，以及分子診斷和臨床醫學領域的應用。

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